Nitric Acid Market (2026 - 2033) Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report By Application (Fertilizers, Nitrobenzene, Adipic acid, Toluene diisocyanate, Nitrochlorobenzene), By Region (North America, EuropeAsia Pacific, Latin America, MEA), And Segment Forecasts

Table of Contents

Chapter 1. Methodology and Scope
                    1.1. Research Methodology
                    1.2. Research Scope & Assumption
                    1.3. Information Procurement
                        1.3.1. Purchased Database
                        1.3.2. GVR’s Internal Database
                        1.3.3. Secondary Application & Third-Party Perspectives
                        1.3.4. Primary Research
                    1.4. Information Analysis
                        1.4.1. Data Analysis Models
                    1.5. Market Estimation & Data Visualization
                    1.6. List of Data Applications
Chapter 2. Executive Summary
                    2.1. Market Outlook, 2025 (USD Million)
                    2.2. Segmental Outlook
                    2.3. Competitive Insights
Chapter 3. Nitric Acid Market Variables, Trends & Scope
                    3.1. Market Lineage/Ancillary Market Outlook
                    3.2. Industry Value Chain Analysis
                        3.2.1. Sales Channel Analysis
                        3.2.2. Manufacturing Trends/Technological Advancements
                        3.2.3. Raw Material Trends
                    3.3. Price Trend Analysis, 2018 - 2033 (USD/KG)
                        3.3.1. Key Factors Influencing Prices
                    3.4. Regulatory Framework
                        3.4.1. Regulations & Standards
                    3.5. Market Dynamics
                        3.5.1. Market Driver Analysis
                        3.5.2. Market Restraint Analysis
                        3.5.3. Industry Opportunities
                        3.5.4. Industry Challenges
                    3.6. Other Business End Uses Tools Analysis: Nitric Acid Market
                        3.6.1. Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
                            3.6.1.1. Bargaining Power of Suppliers
                            3.6.1.2. Bargaining Power of Buyers
                            3.6.1.3. Threat of Substitution
                            3.6.1.4. Threat of New Entrants
                            3.6.1.5. Competitive Rivalry
                        3.6.2. PESTLE Analysis
                            3.6.2.1. Political Landscape
                            3.6.2.2. Economic Landscape
                            3.6.2.3. Social Landscape
                            3.6.2.4. Polymer Application Landscape
                            3.6.2.5. Other End Uses Landscape
                            3.6.2.6. Legal Landscape
Chapter 4. Nitric Acid Market: Application Estimates & Trend Analysis
                    4.1. Key Takeaways
                    4.2. Application Movement Analysis & Market Share, 2025 & 2033
                    4.3. Global Nitric Acid Market by Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                    4.4. Fertilizers
                        4.4.1. Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, in Fertilizers, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons)
                        4.4.2. Ammonium Nitrate
                            4.4.2.1. Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, in Ammonium Nitrate, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons)
                        4.4.3. Calcium Ammonium Nitrate
                            4.4.3.1. Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, in Calcium Ammonium Nitrate, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons)
                        4.4.4. Other Fertilizers
                            4.4.4.1. Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, in Other Fertilizers, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons)
                    4.5. Nitrobenzene
                        4.5.1. Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, in Nitrobenzene, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons)
                    4.6. Adipic acid
                        4.6.1. Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, in Adipic acid, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons)
                    4.7. Toluene diisocyanate (TDI)
                        4.7.1. Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, in Toluene diisocyanate (TDI), 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons)
                    4.8. Nitrochlorobenzene
                        4.8.1. Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, in Nitrochlorobenzene, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons)
                    4.9. Other Application
                        4.9.1. Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, in Other Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons)
Chapter 5. Nitric Acid Market: Regional Estimates & Trend Analysis
                    5.1. Key Takeaways
                    5.2. Regional Market Share Analysis, 2025 & 2033
                    5.3. North America
                        5.3.1. North America Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.3.2. North America Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.3.3. U.S.
                                    5.3.3.1. U.S. Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                                    5.3.3.2. U.S. Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.3.4. Canada
                            5.3.4.1. Canada Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                            5.3.4.2. Canada Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.3.5. Mexico
                            5.3.5.1. Mexico Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                            5.3.5.2. Mexico Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                    5.4. Europe
                        5.4.1. Europe Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.4.2. Europe Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.4.3. Germany
                            5.4.3.1. Germany Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                            5.4.3.2. Germany Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.4.4. Russia
                            5.4.4.1. Russia Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                            5.4.4.2. Russia Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.4.5. UK
                            5.4.5.1. UK Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                            5.4.5.2. UK Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.4.6. France
                            5.4.6.1. France Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                            5.4.6.2. France Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.4.7. Spain
                            5.4.7.1. Spain Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                            5.4.7.2. Spain Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.4.8. Italy
                            5.4.8.1. Italy Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                            5.4.8.2. Italy Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.4.9. Poland
                            5.4.9.1. Poland Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                            5.4.9.2. Poland Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.4.10. Ukraine
                            5.4.10.1. Ukraine Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                            5.4.10.2. Ukraine Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                    5.5. Asia Pacific
                        5.5.1. Asia Pacific Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.5.2. Asia Pacific Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.5.3. China
                            5.5.3.1. China Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                            5.5.3.2. China Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.5.4. India
                            5.5.4.1. India Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                            5.5.4.2. India Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.5.5. Japan
                            5.5.5.1. Japan Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                            5.5.5.2. Japan Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.5.6. South Korea
                            5.5.6.1. South Korea Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                            5.5.6.2. South Korea Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.5.7. Thailand
                            5.5.7.1. Thailand Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                            5.5.7.2. Thailand Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.5.8. Uzbekistan
                            5.5.8.1. Uzbekistan Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                            5.5.8.2. Uzbekistan Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.5.9. Kazakhstan
                            5.5.9.1. Kazakhstan Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                            5.5.9.2. Kazakhstan Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                    5.6. Middle East & Africa
                        5.6.1. Middle East Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.6.2. Middle East Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.6.3. Saudi Arabia
                            5.6.3.1. Saudi Arabia Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                            5.6.3.2. Saudi Arabia Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.6.4. South Africa
                            5.6.4.1. South Africa Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                            5.6.4.2. South Africa Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.6.5. Egypt
                            5.6.5.1. Egypt Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                            5.6.5.2. Egypt Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                    5.7. Latin America
                        5.7.1. Latin America Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.7.2. Latin America Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.7.3. Brazil
                            5.7.3.1. Brazil Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                            5.7.3.2. Brazil Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                        5.7.4. Argentina
                            5.7.4.1. Argentina Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
                            5.7.4.2. Argentina Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Chapter 6. Competitive Landscape
                    6.1. Key Players, their Recent Developments, and their Impact on Industry
                    6.2. Competition Categorization
                    6.3. Company Market Position Analysis
                    6.4. Company Heat Map Analysis
                    6.5. Strategy Mapping, 2025
                    6.6. Company Listing
                        6.6.1. BASF
                            6.6.1.1. Company Overview
                            6.6.1.2. Financial Performance
                            6.6.1.3. Product Benchmarking
                        6.6.2. Yara International ASA
                            6.6.2.1. Company Overview
                            6.6.2.2. Financial Performance
                            6.6.2.3. Product Benchmarking
                        6.6.3. CF Industries Holdings, Inc.
                            6.6.3.1. Company Overview
                            6.6.3.2. Financial Performance
                            6.6.3.3. Product Benchmarking
                        6.6.4. Nutrien Ltd.
                            6.6.4.1. Company Overview
                            6.6.4.2. Financial Performance
                            6.6.4.3. Product Benchmarking
                        6.6.5. LSB Industries, Inc.
                            6.6.5.1. Company Overview
                            6.6.5.2. Financial Performance
                            6.6.5.3. Product Benchmarking
                        6.6.6. Apache Nitrogen Products Inc.
                            6.6.6.1. Company Overview
                            6.6.6.2. Financial Performance
                            6.6.6.3. Product Benchmarking
                        6.6.7. Dyno Nobel
                            6.6.7.1. Company Overview
                            6.6.7.2. Financial Performance
                            6.6.7.3. Product Benchmarking
                        6.6.8. Sasol Limited
                            6.6.8.1. Company Overview
                            6.6.8.2. Financial Performance
                            6.6.8.3. Product Benchmarking
                        6.6.9. Omnia Holdings Limited
                            6.6.9.1. Company Overview
                            6.6.9.2. Financial Performance
                            6.6.9.3. Product Benchmarking
                        6.6.10. Rashtriya Chemicals & Fertilizers Ltd.
                            6.6.10.1. Company Overview
                            6.6.10.2. Financial Performance
                            6.6.10.3. Product Benchmarking

List of Tables

Table 1 Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, by Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 2 Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, in Fertilizers, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 3 Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, in Nitrobenzene, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 4 Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, in Adipic acid, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 5 Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, in Toluene diisocyanate (TDI), 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 6 Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, in Nitrochlorobenzene, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 7 Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, in Other Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 8 Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, by Region, 2018-2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 9 North America Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 10 North America Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 11 U.S. Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 12 U.S. Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 13 Canada Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 14 Canada Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 15 Mexico Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 16 Mexico Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 17 Europe Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 18 Europe Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 19 Germany Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 20 Germany Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 21 UK Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 22 UK Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 23 Russia Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 24 Russia Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 25 France Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 26 France Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 27 Italy Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 28 Italy Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 29 Spain Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 30 Spain Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 31 Poland Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 32 Poland Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 33 Ukraine Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 34 Ukraine Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 35 Asia Pacific Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 36 Asia Pacific Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 37 China Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 38 China Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 39 India Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 40 India Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 41 Japan Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 42 Japan Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 43 South Korea Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 44 South Korea Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 45 Thailand Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 46 Thailand Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 47 Uzbekistan Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 48 Uzbekistan Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 49 Kazakhstan Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 50 Kazakhstan Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 51 Middle East & Africa Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 52 Middle East & Africa Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 53 Saudi Arabia Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 54 Saudi Arabia Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 55 South Africa Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 56 South Africa Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 57 Egypt Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 58 Egypt Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 59 Latin America Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 60 Latin America Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 61 Brazil Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 62 Brazil Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 63 Argentina Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Table 64 Argentina Nitric Acid Market Estimates and Forecasts, By Application, 2018 - 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)

List of Figures

Fig. 1 Information Procurement
Fig. 2 Primary Research Pattern
Fig. 3 Primary Research Process
Fig. 4 Market Research Approaches - Bottom-Up Approach
Fig. 5 Market Research Approaches - Top-Down Approach
Fig. 6 Market Research Approaches - Combined Approach
Fig. 7 Market Snapshot
Fig. 8 Segmental Outlook
Fig. 9 Competitive Outlook
Fig. 10 Nitric Acid Market - Value Chain Analysis
Fig. 11 Nitric Acid Market - Sales Channel Analysis
Fig. 12 Market Drivers Impact Analysis
Fig. 13 Market Restraint Impact Analysis
Fig. 14 Industry Analysis - PORTERS
Fig. 15 Industry Analysis - PESTEL
Fig. 16 Application: Key Takeaways
Fig. 17 Application: Market Share, 2025 & 2033
Fig. 18 Region, 2025 & 2033 (Kilotons) (USD Million)
Fig. 19 Regional Marketplace: Key Takeaways
Fig. 20 Competition Categorization
Fig. 21 Company Market Positioning
Fig. 22 Strategy Mapping, 2025